Pharmaceutical Companies Stand in the Way of Treatment Essay -- Drug I

Pharmaceutical Companies Stand in the Way of Treatment Unique This casebook focuses on the negative impacts that the pharmaceutical industry’s exchange and creation strategies have on underdeveloped countries experiencing illness scourges. My position is that pharmaceutical organizations are not worried about the medical advantages of their medications, yet rather with the market that their medications create. I delineate this thought by depicting the exchange approaches that pharmaceutical organizations impact and the pharmaceutical companies’ creation arrangements which focus on delivering way of life sedates instead of medications that fix perilous ailments. Global pharmaceutical mammoths are busy with delivering drugs that return the most benefits as opposed to with creating medications to fix dangerous sicknesses. In spite of the fact that numerous individuals in underdeveloped nations experience the ill effects of reparable or treatable irresistible ailments, for example, jungle fever and tuberculosis, a large number of them abandon treatment on the grounds that the antibodies that fix these ailments are either unreasonably costly for them to manage the cost of or they are not delivered in adequate amounts. To delineate the down-creation of vital life-supporting medications is the way that â€Å"between 1975 and 1999, 1,393 new medications were advertised, out of which just 16 were for dismissed maladies that represented over 10% of the illnesses in the World† (Mã ©decins Sans Frontiã ¨res). The Mã ©decins Sans Frontiã ¨res (otherwise called Doctors Without Borders or MSF) is a non-benefit association that has contributed a lot of help and exertion in lightening populaces experiencing endemic illnesses and disregard. Since it is a non-benefit association and its objectives are simply goal and compassionate, the Mã ©decins Sans Frontiã ¨res organization... ... Times. 16 November 2001. 28 January 2004. - Ford, Nathan. Medication Development for Neglected Diseases: A Deficient Market and General Health Policy. The Lancet. 359 (2002): 2188-94 - Martorell, Jordi. Medications organizations putting benefits before a huge number of individuals' lives. Youth for International Socialism. 26 March 2001. - Silverside, Ann. No Turning Back on Cheap Drugs for Poor Nations. Canadian Clinical Journal. 169 (2003): 1067. - Silverstein, Ken. Millions for Viagra, Pennies for the Poor. The Nation. 7 July 1999. 10 February 2004. - WTO Takes First Step. The Lancet. 362 (2003): 753 Pharmaceutical Companies Stand in the Way of Treatment Essay - Drug I Pharmaceutical Companies Stand in the Way of Treatment Conceptual This casebook focuses on the negative impacts that the pharmaceutical industry’s exchange and creation approaches have on underdeveloped countries experiencing ailment pandemics. My position is that pharmaceutical organizations are not worried about the medical advantages of their medications, yet rather with the market that their medications create. I show this idea by portraying the exchange approaches that pharmaceutical organizations impact and the pharmaceutical companies’ creation strategies which focus on delivering way of life medicates instead of medications that fix dangerous infections. Worldwide pharmaceutical goliaths are busy with delivering drugs that return the most benefits as opposed to with creating medications to fix perilous sicknesses. In spite of the fact that numerous individuals in underdeveloped nations experience the ill effects of reparable or treatable irresistible illnesses, for example, jungle fever and tuberculosis, a large number of them abandon treatment in light of the fact that the immunizations that fix these sicknesses are either unreasonably costly for them to manage the cost of or they are not delivered in adequate amounts. To show the down-creation of essential life-continuing medications is the way that â€Å"between 1975 and 1999, 1,393 new medications were promoted, out of which just 16 were for disregarded maladies that represented over 10% of the infections in the World† (Mã ©decins Sans Frontiã ¨res). The Mã ©decins Sans Frontiã ¨res (otherwise called Doctors Without Borders or MSF) is a non-benefit association that has contributed a lot of help and exertion in lightening populaces experiencing endemic maladies and disregard. Since it is a non-benefit association and its objectives are absolutely target and philanthropic, the Mã ©decins Sans Frontiã ¨res organization... ... Times. 16 November 2001. 28 January 2004. - Ford, Nathan. Medication Development for Neglected Diseases: A Deficient Market and General Health Policy. The Lancet. 359 (2002): 2188-94 - Martorell, Jordi. Medications organizations putting benefits before a huge number of individuals' lives. Youth for International Socialism. 26 March 2001. - Silverside, Ann. No Turning Back on Cheap Drugs for Poor Nations. Canadian Clinical Journal. 169 (2003): 1067. - Silverstein, Ken. Millions for Viagra, Pennies for the Poor. The Nation. 7 July 1999. 10 February 2004. - WTO Takes First Step. The Lancet. 362 (2003): 753

Executed Activity Plan with detailed Evaluation Essay

Executed Activity Plan with nitty gritty Evaluation - Essay Example The conduct of Tina as to will in general keep away from or overlook governs just as the capacity to partake all the more unreservedly in the movement was the fundamental controlling variable, when this was mapped on the EYFS, to build up a transient arrangement for her action since her case was one of little subtleties of disregarding rules. Tina’s age, formative needs just as different interests were additionally calculated in. The arrangement created for Tina, as prior characterized, was a present moment. Momentary arrangement is one that is much of the time drawn and changed all the time and is pointed and recognize improvement in a particular idea or viewpoint (Department for Children, School and Families 2008). The transient arrangement should be possible on an every day or week after week premise and will endeavor to survey the pace of incorporation of recently learnt ideas by a youngster. In structuring and building up a perfect youth improvement plan, that is powerful , it was significant that it follows a particular rule which would guarantee all the goals in that, were accomplished. The framework or plan so created had the option to consistently screen the enhancements, stagnation or decrease in the advancement of the youngster. A superior arrangement is what gives checks or screening modalities which will have the option to recognize any anomalies when they happen (Education, E. C, 2010). In this way, the framework should be far reaching enough, and have the option to utilize data or perceptions noted, in settling on instructional choices coordinated towards improving the child’s advancement bend. Therefore, the arrangement utilized in enacted youngster advancement ought to be one that is steady across settings, however, might be adjusted to contain explicit needs and requests of a given kid. The advancement of the youngster ought not be explicit however ought to incorporate all the parameters of improvement also. During perception of t he youngsters partaking in the foot painting action, different basic focuses created to consolidate in the arrangement. Over the span of the play, Tina had indicated an enthusiasm for working with the paints and controlling hues which was really a child’s own drive. It was in this manner essential to keep the enthusiasm of the kid while directing the youngster to adhere to guidelines and rules of the exercises (Moyles 1998). The principles and guidelines are the obligation of grown-ups in the advancement of the youngster since they give and guarantee the standards are followed. The explanation the guidelines were not followed was most likely in light of the fact that there was no sharp tuning in or the message of the directions were not decoded accurately. The job of the grown-ups in the playing movement was to set the physical condition and keep wounds from happening. They additionally needed to guarantee the playing rules were followed. Kids attempt to find their capacities as they endeavor to be better than one another. In this movement, adult’s job was to clarify the standards and directions to be followed to the kids. The tables were set with everything the youngsters required and in the correct grouping, so they would get them absent a lot of troublesome. The youngsters were guided by addressing their inquiries (McLachlan and Fleer, 2010). Portions of the principles were additionally disclosed to the kids who didn't comprehend while permitting them to take a shot at their own. Exhibitions were directed to show the kids, particularly on account of Tina, to help in accomplishing certain subtleties in their demonstrating which they didn't have a clue. Directions were given at each

Find Focus 3 Simple Ways to Conquer Work Distractions

Find Focus 3 Simple Ways to Conquer Work Distractions According to a study from the University of California, Irvine, the average office worker has focused periods of just eleven minutes in-between a constant barrage of interruptions. I was shocked when I read that, and didnt quite believe it. But then I paid attention to how much typing I did in this article before my attention drifted to something else. I wouldnt be surprised if most of the time I focus for less than eleven minutes before being distracted. So I need to know as much as anyone how to overcome the temptation of distractions that abound in the modern workplace. How Distractions Affect Us The world is not acting in our long-term benefit. Imagine you walk down the street and every store is trying to get your money right now; in your pocket you have a phone and every app wants to control your attention right now. Most of the entities in our lives really want us to make mistakes in their favor. So the world is making things very, very difficult. â€" Behavioral economist Dan Ariely If you get distracted as easily as I do, dont feel alone. It turns out most people get distracted very easily, and very often. According to David Rock, executive director of the NeuroLeadership Institute and author of Your Brain at Work, one study found office distractions eat up over two hours on average every day. But being distracted isnt the worst part. Were also not too good at getting back to work after being distracted. Rock says after an interruption it takes most of us 25 minutes to get back on track with our work. theres no way not to be distracted by distractions, its built into the brain in the way we pay attention to novelty. â€" David Rock Another study tested how people reacted to distractions while they completed complicated computer-based tasks. The study tested short (about two seconds long) and long (about four seconds) distractions to test how the different lengths of interruption affected the participants focus. It turns out, even very short distractions can affect our focus and performance. The effects were similar across both lengths of distractions, with participants losing their place and making mistakes more often after both short and longer distractions. Distracting colleagues Part of the reason we struggle with distractions, according to Alan Hedge, a workplace design expert at Cornell University, is that humans are social creatures, which makes us innately curious about other people. As a result, its hard for us to tune other people out. Apart from humans, were also terrible at ignoring anything thats unpredictable. When you combine these two weaknesses, you can see why research has shown that overhearing just one side of a conversation is one of the worst distractions we humans can face. Because we struggle to predict the flow of a conversation when we can only hear one side of it, hearing a colleague on the phone, for instance, is particularly hard to tune out from. And, surprisingly, putting up temporary walls between cubicles to separate co-workers in open office spaces can make this problem worse. The problem is that having visible walls can make us talk louder than we otherwise would, because we feel more protected from others in the room, but we actually end up distracting our colleagues even more. Overcoming Distraction So we know that we all get distractedâ€"a lot. And we know that the worst distractions are those created by other people, and anything thats unpredictable. But what can we do to keep our focus when distractions abound and we have work to do? 1. Change your context Brian Wansink is a professor at Cornell who studies eating behavior. Now, this may sound unrelated, but Wansinks work has shown something that proves relevant in terms of distractions, as well. According to Wansink, context makes a bigger difference to our eating habits than anything else: Everyoneâ€"every single one of usâ€"eats how much we eat largely because of whats around us. When food is closer, says Wansink, we eat more. And when food is further away, we eat less: People ate half as much if we simply moved the candy dish off their desk and placed it six feet away. So how is this relevant to fighting distraction? The key is that context affects us in a big way. When something is in reach and easy to get to, well grab it, eat it, or pay attention to it. But making candy that little bit more effort to eat makes us less likely to do so. Now, not all of us want to eat less candy, but the same strategy can prove effective in other areas. For instance, if you’re trying to smoke less or drink less coffee it would make sense to keep those vices away from youâ€"and perhaps bring the candy dish a little closer. We can use this same theory for distractions. Changing the context around you can increase your focus, simply by making focusing easier. For example: Use an app like SelfControl or a browser extension like StayFocused to make it harder to visit distracting websites like Facebook or YouTube Move your desk or spend time in a spare meeting room to avoid working near co-workers you enjoy chatting with (or those who have loud phone calls at their desks) Keep your phone far away during focused work periods, so it takes more time and effort to check it The key is to set up your environment to encourage focus and make getting distracted harder and less likely. Focused task management. Sign up for MeisterTask Sign up for MeisterTask 2. Wean yourself off digital distractions If digital distractions are your downfall, psychology professor Larry Rosen suggests slowly weaning yourself off your digital vices. Rosen says its not uncommon to feel anxious when we cant check our phones, and to rely on them for regular bouts of distraction from work we dont want to do. Many people, regardless of age, check their smartphones every 15 minutes or less and become anxious if they arent allowed to do so. Heres Rosens suggested process for weaning yourself off the habit of constantly checking various devices: Check every device and digital distraction you want to: email, Facebook, Instagram, everything. Turn off all digital distractions. Use an app or extension like I mentioned above to block websites if necessary, turn off your phone or tablet, or silence them and put them far away from you. Set a timer for 15 minutes and spend that time focusing on your work. When the 15 minutes is up, give yourself one minute to check your devices and websites as much as you want. But only one minute. Repeat this process until you dont struggle to focus for the entire 15-minute period. Once 15 minutes is easy for you, increase the length of your timer. Keep increasing it, so its always a little stretch, until you can easily ignore digital distractions for an hour or more. 3. Dont take the first step For David Rock, one of the most important ways to overcome our tendency to get distracted is to stop taking those first steps. When a distraction tries to grab your attention, Rock suggests staying calm, taking a breath, and purposely choosing to not react to it. Once you take the first stepâ€"for instance, opening your inboxâ€"its a lot harder to stop yourself continuing with the distractionâ€"in this case, reading your emails. Rock says stopping ourselves from those initial actions can help us to avoid the time-wasting actions they lead to. It also helps us feel more in-control, says Alex Korb, a neuroscientist at UCLA, because were consciously choosing to not give in to the distraction. Reminding ourselves of our goals and why we want to stay focused, can release a hit of dopamine to make us feel good about choosing to stay focused. Researching how to overcome distractions didnt make me a master of it immediately, but I do feel more confident now that I have these different strategies to use. And if nothing else, I definitely learned that Im not aloneâ€"getting distracted is a concern for everyone in the modern workplace. But with these strategies to try, I’m sure we can all get back that elusive state of focus we’ve been missing. Discover focused working.

Behind A Warped Lens The Great Gatsby By F. Scott...

Robert Leevarinpanich Mr.Vasquez ELCAP P4 7 June 2016 Behind A Warped Lens America was built upon the idea of freedom and opportunity, the idea that everyone has an equal opportunity to achieve success through hard work and determination. However, hard work and determination can only get someone so far. Despite one’s ambitions to live out the American Dream, it is rare to see someone surpass one’s social class based purely on the desire to succeed. Instead, this social climb is controlled by those already in control of power and wealth. This correlation between wealth and social status is also displayed in athletics. It is a known fact that athletes have a special talent for the sport they partake in. However, there are many people who excel at a sport but are unheard of primarily because they lack the funding and sponsorship from the rich. The American Dream is false hope that is criticized in one of America’s greatest piece of literature, The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald. Although America is a placed fille d with opportunity, one s opportunity is limited by the supremacy of the upper class; Therefore, The Great Gatsby remains the Great American Novel by revealing the corruption in society’s hierarchy that is still prominent in modern society. Fitzgerald argues that the upper class are characterized by insensitive and conceded virtues. Throughout The Great Gatsby, the character that embodies these characteristics the most is Tom Buchanan. In the beginning, the

The Navy Is Easing Its Tattoo Policy - 1363 Words

The Navy is easing its tattoo policy in a bid to recruit and retain more Sailors from the millennial generation, of whom more than one in three sport body art. Sailors will be allowed to have neck tattoos, sleeves and even markings behind their ears under the new policy, the most lenient of any military service. Only their heads are off limits under the new policy, which the Navy s top Sailor has called a reality check on the permanent art favored by Sailors. The leadership is going to reflect this new generation and mix it with the needs of the Navy. We need to make sure we are not missing any opportunities to recruit or retain talents because of old policies. 1.1.4 Summary of major issues and/or findings Conduct more training. Training costs both time and money. This will be accounted for in the calculation of Net Present Value. The new rules will be enforced by our senior leadership across more than 1,500 commands. All levels of leadership and recruiters will require training on enforcing the revised rules, with a focus on location and context rules. Leaders need to provide clear examples of offensive tattoos and placements that are off limits, so they can evenly enforce the standards throughout the fleet. Establish an appeals process. Nothing is really in place and we could lose talented individuals if proper leadership tact is not applied. The cost of losing talent will be explained in our cost and benefits sections below. Getting rid of a tattoo is not easy — or

Communication, Religion, And Culture - 1809 Words

In the macrocosm of life, there are several features that culminate together to form an individuals existence. However, there are three major features that often dictate the course of an individual s life. Those facets are communication, religion, and culture. Communication, as a field of study, is arguably one of the most extensive and elaborate topics. Regardless of the station of life, the sector of work, or complexity of establishment, communication is used. Communication is necessary for life to function. Not only that, but it is especially necessary for life to function well. With this in mind, it becomes easier for one to recognize it s importance. In the same way, religion can be identified as another major facet of an†¦show more content†¦This microcosm will be seen to maintain the attributes of the macrocosm: communication, religion, and culture. Examples will be cited through a variety of choral circumstances, but they are not indicative of differentiation betwee n the styles. By viewing choral assembly as a microcosm, one might be able to better grasp its representation of a complex structure that encompasses human existence. Background In order to extend the understanding of choral assembly, it is necessary to look its historical contributions. Most commonly, choir music has been attributed to the era of Antiquity, leading to the Renaissance, Baroque, Classical and Romantic periods. Individuals often think of choral literature, such as George Frideric Handel s Messiah, or the Requiem in D minor by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. While this is not incorrect, it definitely lacks a significant portion of history that is preceding and proceeding. Dated from 1446 B.C. - 1260 B.C., the book of Exodus relates the event of Moses leading the people of Israel out of Egypt, their enslavers. Following their escape, the writer of Exodus(most probably Moses) recounts an interesting occurrence. In the fifteenth chapter of the book, the narrative follows, â€Å"Then Moses and the people of Israel sang this song to the LORD, saying, I will sing to the LORD, for he has triumphed gloriously; the horse and his rider he has thrown into the Show MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Nonverbal Communication1194 Words   |  5 PagesCommunication plays a key role in every culture, but the importance or preference a culture places on verbal or nonverbal communication differs greatly. The country of Japan is a high-context culture, which means their society places a greater importance on nonverbal communication rather than verbal communication. In order to understand why Japan places such importance on nonverbal communication, the way they verbally communicate with others needs to be discussed first. 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Latino and Black Children are not Insured

Question: Why more Latino and Black children arent insured. Answer: The randomized study on the Washington post article posted by Erin Blakemore was about the reasons why many Latino and black children are not insured since platforms like Medicaid and the Childrens Health Insurance Program (CHIP) were established to ensure the poor Americans access quality and equitable health care (Pei, 2014). The study population involved 267 children whose parents were interviewed. It was carried out from 2011 to 2014 in Dallas over a span of three years (Blakemore, 2016). Data was collected through structured interviews and direct interrogation about the parents knowledge on whether their children were eligible for the insurance. Out of the total studied Latino and black parents, forty-nine percent did not know that their children are qualified for CHIP or Medicaid. Collectively, ninety-five percent of the children were previously insured before the onset of the Medicaid and CHIP. These parents had incomes that were higher, and the African American parents were likely to be more aware than their Latino counterparts at a percentage ratio of 57 to 47. The parents had their reasons for the less involvement in the health insurance platforms. For instance, 30% of the parents had lost the cover and never reapplied. 9% did not receive replies after application, 8 % missed some important paperwork, and 4% said the fathers were to cover (Blakemore, 2016). The study concluded that more than 50% of the African American and Latino parents in Dallas do not utilize the subsidized insurance systems and those who do give up on the way. The randomized design benefited the study by ensuring easy and straightforward analysis of the findings, flexibility by accommodating the small population, and the elimination of bias in scenarios where only accessible parents could be interviewed. Furthermore, the study population was identified in an open manner eliminating doubts among the readers and observer groups. Because of the randomized study, it was readily known that high-income parents did not use these insurance provisions. Moreover, it could be hard for other study designs to specifically note that the African American and Latino parents out of the entire American population were underusing CHIP and Medicaid (Blakemore, 2016). References Blakemore, E. (2016).Study finds a surprising reason why more black, Latino children arent insured.Washington Post. Retrieved 21 September 2016, from https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/to-your-health/wp/2016/04/04/study-finds-surprising-reason-why-more-black-latino-children-arent-insured/ Pei, Z. (2014). How Long before Rectifying Medicaid and CHIP Children? Employment Research, 21(4), 5-7. https://research.upjohn.org/empl_research/vol21/iss4/2/

Transgenesis and Selective Breeding Essay Example For Students

Transgenesis and Selective Breeding Essay Great prospects have opened up to selective breeding in connection with the development of cellular and genetic engineering. Based on their achievements, plant biotechnology is developing very intensively. The main direction of biotechnological work is the production of transgenic animals and plants, i.e., plants in the genome of which introduced alien genetic information. The success of experiments made by the scientists on plant transformation was largely promoted by the creation of vectors based on the Ti plasmid (tumor-induced tumor-inducing) of bacteria from the genus Agrobacterium. Gene donors can be bacteria, fungi, other plant species, animals, and even humans, but the traits were found. We will write a custom essay on Transgenesis and Selective Breeding specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now In the introduction, the transgene is carried out for various purposes: to increase the overall productivity of plants; to create traits of increasing resistance to pests, viral and fungal diseases, to nematodes; increasing resistance to herbicides; increasing resistance to stress factors; production of proteins, antibodies in transgenic plants (interferon, immunoglobulin); obtaining male-sterile plants; changing the color of flowers in ornamental crops. The first transgenic animals and plants were obtained in 1983 in the laboratories of the USA, Germany, New Zealand, and Belgium. In 1992, the scientists investigated industrial cultivation of insect-resistant transgenic tobacco, and drought-resistant crops were started. In addition, the hemoglobin gene from the gram-negative bacterium Vitreoscilla was introduced into the tobacco genome, due to which the dry matter yield increased by 80-100%, and the leaves contained more chlorophyll and nicotine. In 1994, the first plant intended for human consumption was registered in the USA and New Zealand tomato Favre-Save with delayed ripening. By 1997, transgenic animals and plants of more than 120 species were obtained. In 2000, the transgene plants were grown in 13 countries on an area of 44.2 million hectares.  The company Monsanto created potatoes, which is not affected by the Colorado potato beetle that was explored by the scientists. The gene from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis, which produces a protein that is toxic to beetle larvae, is inserted into the potato genome. Protein is the transgene that is not dangerous to humans and animals; it decomposes in the soil in a few days. The herbicide-resistant Ruanda varieties of soybean, corn, drought-resistant crops, rapeseed, cotton are allowed for use in many countries, including New Zealand. There were created drought resisted crops, protected from the stem moth, tomatoes with the smell and taste of freshly picked. One of the centers of biotechnological work in New Zealand is the All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, where research is conducted in the field of the gene, chromosomal and cell engineering, including the creation and evaluation of transgenic plants. How we use it in the modern time A modern direction in selective breeding is also the hybridization of a somatic cell or parasexual hybridization. It is based on the fusion of protoplasts of somatic cell devoid of the enzymatic membrane, and the production of the hybrid cell. In this way, it is possible to overcome not only interspecific but also inter generic barriers of non-interbreeding. Hybrid cells are able to form callus undifferentiated tissue, in which there are pockets of differentiation. Of these, the regeneration of hybrid plants is possible. Somatic hybridization opens up great prospects for obtaining new starting material for selective breeding. Its success depends on the degree of genetic proximity of the crossed forms. There are somatic hybrids of cultivated and wild potatoes. American breeder J. Power obtained somatic hybrids between petunia species such as the transgene that does not intersect in the usual traits. Hybrids inherited a valuable decorative feature a branched, creeping escape. H. Schenk obtained a somatic hybrid between cabbage (Brassica oleracea) and turnip. It was created a somatic hybrid between two representatives of the cruciferous family: However, such forms can be used to study patterns of morphogenesis and genetic incompatibility. .u6ec713b72b1142d46c784615e89da02a , .u6ec713b72b1142d46c784615e89da02a .postImageUrl , .u6ec713b72b1142d46c784615e89da02a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6ec713b72b1142d46c784615e89da02a , .u6ec713b72b1142d46c784615e89da02a:hover , .u6ec713b72b1142d46c784615e89da02a:visited , .u6ec713b72b1142d46c784615e89da02a:active { border:0!important; } .u6ec713b72b1142d46c784615e89da02a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6ec713b72b1142d46c784615e89da02a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6ec713b72b1142d46c784615e89da02a:active , .u6ec713b72b1142d46c784615e89da02a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6ec713b72b1142d46c784615e89da02a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6ec713b72b1142d46c784615e89da02a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6ec713b72b1142d46c784615e89da02a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6ec713b72b1142d46c784615e89da02a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6ec713b72b1142d46c784615e89da02a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6ec713b72b1142d46c784615e89da02a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6ec713b72b1142d46c784615e89da02a .u6ec713b72b1142d46c784615e89da02a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6ec713b72b1142d46c784615e89da02a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Creationism In Schools EssayThe benefit of selective breeding One of the latest achievements in the field of selective animal breeding was the cloning carried out by the method of transplanting the nucleus of the somatic cell into fertilized eggs or milk. The widely publicized birth of Dolly the lamb grew from such an egg, along with the attractive prospect of reproduction of valuable genotypes, such as drought-resistant crops, it gave rise to the problem associated with the rapid aging of the cloned animal. But if the negative consequences of this method are overcome, then it can really be very useful. The creation of domestic animal breeds began after their domestication and domestication, which began 10–12 thousand years ago. Content in captivity reduces the effect of the stabilizing form of natural selection. Various forms of artificial selection (initially unconscious and then methodical) lead to the creation of the whole variety of breeds of domestic animals. In the selection of animals, for example, transgenic cows, compared with the selection of plants, there are a number of features. First, sexual reproduction is mainly characteristic of animals. Therefore any breed is a complex heterozygous system, as for transgenic cows. There is an assessment of the qualities of the males, which apparently they do not appear (egg production, milk fat content from transgenic cows), are evaluated by progeny and pedigree. Secondly, in many species, there is late puberty, a change of generations occurs after a few years. Thirdly, the offspring are not numerous. The main methods of selective animal breeding (for example, breeding of transgenic cows) are: hybridization selection There are the same methods of crossing closely related crossing, inbreeding, and unrelated, outbreeding. Inbreeding has its chain reaction, like in plants, leads to depression. Selection from animals, for example, transgenic cows, is carried out on the exterior (certain parameters of the external structure or milk), because he is the criterion of the breed. In conclusion, it is aimed at preserving and improving the breed. Practically, it is expressed in the selection of the best producers, culling individuals that do not meet the requirements of the breed. In selective breeding farms, selective breeding books are kept that reflect the genealogy, exterior and productivity of animals of many generations. Interbreeding is used to create a new breed as a chain reaction. At the same time they often carry out close-breeding interbreeding parents are crossed with offspring, brothers, and sisters, which helps to get a greater number of individuals with the desired properties. Inbreeding is accompanied by rigorous continuous selection; usually, several lines are obtained, and then different lines are crossed.

20 Argumentative Essay Topics on Gender Studies

20 Argumentative Essay Topics on Gender Studies Writing an essay can be quite difficult when you are tasked with crafting a topic that defines the direction of your essay. So do not feel defeated when such an assignment is assigned to you on the broad subject of gender studies. Due to the fact that we are always here to help you come up with hard-hitting topics with the potential to re-orientate your entire project. Writing on gender studies is definitely fun and the enlightenment you receive on society as a whole after conducting your research can be refreshing to your world view. So once again, we will attempt to simplify your task by providing you with 20 causal argument essay topics on gender status. This will be followed by a written essay sample using one of the outlined topics for inspiration in order to provide you with a template for writing a causal argumentative essay. Our 20 Exciting Causal Argumentative Essay Topics on Gender Status Discussing the Diverse Disciplines under Gender Studies and Their Roles in Society The Importance of Women’s Studies to Furthering the Role of the Girl-child in Modern Society Why Man Studies as an Interdisciplinary of Gender Studies Must Be Taken Seriously Analyzing Gender Roles and Acceptance in Today’s Workforce Understanding Women Marginalization in the Corporate World and its Historical Context The Role of Gender Studies in Ensuring Equal Education for all Genders, Ethnic Groups and Races The Womens Suffrage Movement and its Role in Pushing Equality in the Corporate World Analyzing the Role of Ethnicity in Defining an Individual’s Ability to Earn Analyzing the Roles of Gender and the Pay Disparity Problem in Today’s Society Gender Studies: Championing the Cause for Reducing the Education Gap between Men and Women Leveraging Gender Studies and Its Ability to Curb Domestic Violence by all Genders Analyzing Woman Suffrage, Domestic Violence and the Role of Women Studies Analyzing the Role of Gender Studies and Its Potential to Reduce Sexual Violence against Women Woman Studies: Understanding the Impact of Sexual and Physical Violence on the Girl-Child. Analyzing the Impact of Sexual Violence on the Mental Well-being of Women Discussing the Refugee Situation and its Effects on Women Worldwide Discussing the Role of Women Studies in Driving the Creation of Man Studies as an Academic Discipline Gender in Academia: Analyzing the Disparities in the Number of Men and Women in Research Roles Gender in Politics: Analyzing the Disparities in the Number of Men and Women in Political Positions Gender in Health Care: Analyzing the Issues Women Face in Receiving Adequate Healthcare These are 20 topics we promised and as you can see they spread across every facet of gender studies. This was done in order to make it quite easy for you to choose a topic that aligns with your interests. Next, a causal argumentative essay will be written using one of the outlined topics to provide further directions for writing your essay. Sample Paper on Analyzing Gender Roles and Acceptance in Today’s Workforce Picture this. In 2015, only 50% of qualified women, with either an education or some qualification, were a part of the world’s entire workforce while 77% of employable men were employed and the mentioned percentage is twice more than the same number in 1995. I believe it is important to note that this figure also reverberates around other spheres of the world’s everyday activities. Since the beginning of time, women have gotten a raw deal in terms of integration and acceptance in the corporate world. The academic field of gender studies have championed this cause by shedding light on the disparities as well as the reduced role the average woman plays even when she is as qualified candidate as other men are. This essay is an attempt to show that despite the inclusion policy instituted by most governments and institutions the numbers are still skewed against women and this shouldn’t be so. I’ll start by using the Orients as an example. In Saudi Arabia, the unemployment rate between men and women are quite startling. Current figures put men unemployment at 7% while women unemployment is at a 34% high and climbing. While some westerners might say this statistics is confined to the Saudis’, statistics from the US department of Labour shows that women are marginalized in the workplace in one way or the other regardless of location. These statistics includes the fact that the average woman earns 77 cents to a man’s dollar. Taking into account ethnicity and race pushes this ration to a lower and more absurd rate. The average African-American woman earns 64 cents to a Caucasian male dollar while a Latina woman earns 56% to the dollar. Going further to analyse women’s role in workforces that claim to see women as assets, other startling figures reveal themselves. A study conducted on the SP positions worldwide unearthed the fact that women occupy just 4.8% off senior positions in the corporate world. Considering the fact that a lot of women have the qualifications and expertise to occupy these roles, it is only normal to deduce that other factors than expertise play a role in how far any gender rises in the corporate world. It is a sad fact that women are viewed as second class citizens in corporate America as well as the rest of the world. To understand the social, historical and patriarchal reasons that makes this so falls under the domain of gender studies. This is why it is recommended that some sections or aspects of gender studies are integrated into mainstream education to raise the awareness worldwide. Here we come to the end of the second article in this installment covering the writing of a causal argumentative essay on gender studies. For further reading, we recommend checking out these articles: 10 facts for a causal argument essay on introduction to gender studies as well as receiving tips on writing a causal argument essay on introduction to gender studies. References: Probyn, E. (2001). Teaching in the Field: Gender and Feminist Media Studies. Feminist Media Studies, 1(1), pp.35-39. Gilligan, C. and Machoian, L. (2002). Learning to Speak the Language A Relational Interpretation or an Adolescent Girls Suicidality. Studies in Gender and Sexuality, 3(3), pp.321-341. Koutentakis, F. (2014). Gender Unemployment Dynamics: Evidence from Ten Advanced Economies. 29(1), pp.15-31. Mavisakalyan, A. (2015). Gender in Language and Gender in Employment. Oxford Development Studies, 43(4), pp.403-424. Dempsey, B. (2011). Gender Neutral Laws and Heterocentric Policies: â€Å"Domestic Abuse as Gender-Based Abuse† and Same-Sex Couples. Edinburgh Law Review, 15(3), pp.381-405. Terrance, C., Plumm, K. and Thomas, S. (2011). Perceptions of Domestic Violence in Heterosexual Relationships: Impact of Victim Gender and History of Response. Partner Abuse, 2(2), pp.208-223. Onoyase, A. (2016). The Impact of Gender, Family Type and Age on Undergraduate Parents’ Perception of Causes of Sexual Abuse. Higher Education Studies, 6(2), p.174.

PTSD The invisible wounds of War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

PTSD The invisible wounds of War - Essay Example Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) starts after a horrifying ordeal that concerned physical harm or the danger of physical injury. The soldiers get PTSD due to the horrors and miserable events of the war. In war, the service volunteers powerlessly witness brutal deaths of dear comrades and guiltless Afghanistans and Iraqi (Bouvard, 2012). They undergo sexual abuse and even rape by superiors during the war and cannot report. The veterans become both agents and fatalities of violence and then come back home to a country not knowledgeable or concerned in engaging with their afflictions. Their training regularly prevents them from reporting the necessity to seek counseling. The moment one admits, they encounter a Veterans Administration insufficiently resourced (Bouvard, 2012). The re-experience of PTSD is from the veterans. Many veterans suffer in mum, unable to state the pain they experience, the losses they have undergone the change that has transformed them strangers to themselves (Nebraska Department of Veterans Affairs, 2007). It is not simple to hear their tones, but Marguerite Guzmà ¡n Bouvard has projected their sounds, by learning how to pay attention. In this book of the dreadful truth, she inspires the rest of readers to pay attention and to be far more considerate and angry and optimistic. An awful outline of psychic spoil emerges from Bouvards summary of veterans and their loved ones (Bouvard, 2012). Avoidance symptoms are attempts individuals make to shun the traumatic experience. Individuals with PTSD may attempt to shun situations that prompt memories of the traumatic encounters (Nebraska Department of Veterans Affairs, 2007). Avoidance and numbering symptoms presented in the story through Noah Pierce events. Noah Pierce joined up the volunteer service team to Afghanistan in 2002, at age seventeen (Bouvard, 2012). The mother, Cheryl,

Economic Globalisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Economic Globalisation - Essay Example Opponents, however, are more likely to view globalisation as a nefarious plot for the global promotion of the capitalist interests of multinational/transnational corporations culminating, not only in the increased poverty of LDCs but, in the subjugation of nation-states to multinational corporations. While conceding that both perspectives are exaggerated, the following paper shall, through a review of the definition of economic globalisation and the role of global trade and multinational corporations therein, establish economic globalisation as primarily favouring the capitalist interests of transnational corporations. Globalization, by the very nature of its definition as the globalisation of capital, favours capitalist interests, is founded upon the promotion of free trade and actively promotes the interests of multinational corporations. ... Of all the various definition forwarded for globalisation the most accurate, and comprehensive, is probably that forwarded by Held and McGrew (2002, 249-250) and which maintains globalisation to be an economic phenomenon whose intent is the globalisation of capital and the imposition of a capitalist economic agenda upon the International Political Economy (IPE). Globalisation, according to the latter definition, is the removal of capital controls to facilitate the unobstructed movement of funds and resources across national borders (Soros, 1998). Such globalization of capital is further significant because it implies reduced control over trade, foreign investment and multinational corporate activities. As stated by the pro-globalization economists, the removal of capital controls implies, "not only an increase in productive capacity but also improvements in methods of production and other innovations; not only an increase in wealth but an increase in freedom" (Soros, 1998). As may be inferred from the presented definitions, economic globalisation is the removal of artificial barriers to trade, involving the imposition of capitalism upon the global political economy and, as such, ultimately serves the interests of multinational corporations through the facilitation of their capacity it engage in trade, as in the unfettered movement of capital goods across national boundaries. Consequent to economic globalisation, and bearing in mind the stated definition, "The modern system of independent nation states and distinct national economies is being replaced by a single transnational political economy. Power and authority are steadily shifting to global institutions and corporations. National

Animals are Entitled To Basic Legal Rights: Discussion

Animals are Entitled To Basic Legal Rights: Discussion There are people who agree with animals having rights and there are also people who dont. However I am one of those people who believe that animals are entitled to basic legal rights. No matter how big or how small they are, they all deserve equal rights. Many animals are used for being tested on like body products and cosmetics. Animals should be free from exploitation, cruelty, neglect, and abuse. Animals should not be used in a laboratory for unnecessary experiments, they deserve to be a part of their wildlife in their natural habitat. Animals are defenseless against exploitation and abuse by human beings. It is time that we take an act and end animal cruelty! There is failure within human beings improving the way they treat their animals. There are enough animals being mistreated by their owner, the last thing we need is scientist or biologists hunting down these animals to use them for their experimental use. We need to provide basic care for these animals even wild animals, the more we kill the more we hunt down the less we will have throughout the years, we just need to leave these animals alone and let them be. They are defenseless once a hunter gets near them, they react with defense or fear because theyre scared, its kill or be killed, and their mind set isnt like us human beings especially animals out in the wild. Even though it has been proven that gorillas are very much similar to us. Jeremy Rifkin was able to prove that a 300 pound gorilla was able to learn of 1000 English words and able to do and understand sign language. This should be more than enough proof that these animals have more than just killing in their mind. If an a nimal is taken by biologist when young and they teach them as they grow they will be able to do fascinating never seen before activities. It is addressed that animals such as wildlife, marine life and farm animals are to be excluded from anit-cruelty. Most of these animals are used by veterinarians to practice medicine or research on these poor animals. When they experiment on marine life and see no pain or tears come out of them doesnt mean they dont feel it, Im sure these animals feel pain and needles just like we do when we go to the doctors. It is now said that a citizen is now able to file a civil suit against a person who is abusing an animals for their personal wants. Other than scientist treating these animals unfair there are people out here who hoarder animals! Just imagine how unfair and cruel that is! Someone so selfish to keep all these animals but not take care of them? This is unfair for any animal who is kept by a hoarder they didnt ask for that punishment. There should be a more sever laws towards people who do this to animals. There are requirements and standards for care and treatment for animals. Other than the statements I have proven to you, the main thing that this country needs to end is testing products on animals! I am very against this I do not find it fair or useful for these animals to be treated this way. It is proven that when a product goes wrong the animal stays damaged and gets put back in the cage it goes and on to the next animal until they get the product right! We need to find a way to get scientist to stop testing on these animals. As the author Jeremy Rifkin shared with us, these animals are not put on this earth to be captured and tested on, they deserve to be out in the wild and be killed by getting eaten not by experiments going wrong. I understand that there are people out there who hunt and eat animals but that is a different story from people like biologists collecting a whole load of animals and sticking needles in them to see the end results. There are over 1500 hundred animals living in a laboratory waiting to be tested on. I dont understand how t hese people dont find it unfair, no animal deserves to live their whole life locked in a cage or whatever these scientist choose to put them in. Im sure that novel writers share with us only what they want us to know but, dont share what really happens behind the walls of a laboratory. These animals deserve justice! Not from an article, but from us, the government, everyone. Many people think that they can feel free to treat animals however they want, but they cant, animals feel pain, fear, pleasure, and love. Havent you noticed when a dog gets attached to its owner they love being around them, and they flinch when you raise your hands towards them? They feel just like we do and people fail to realize that, just because animals cant talk or cry like humans do, doesnt mean they dont feel any pain. Animal cruelty is horrible, in any situation whether if its the owner treating them bad, or them being practiced on with cosmetics, it does not matter the situation, animals do not deserve to be treated badly, it is very unfair and cruel, and they are defenseless! We can use tools or guns to hurt them but what do they have? Just a sharp pair of teeth thatll do the trick when you frighten them and they attack. Majority of us citizens grew up wearing leather, and eating meat, thats a whole different era from animals being tested on. These are animals that get cook ed or get skinned once they are already dead, scientists study on living creatures! They feel the pain once a needle gets in them, they feel the pain once a product goes wrong and theyre burning from the inside out. Meat markets are okay to me but what these scientists are doing inside a lab to these animals is not okay they are living creatures who deserve justice! We need more people like Jeremy Rifkin and Victoria Braithwaite in this world, we need more people like them to get the word out and encourage people to make habits like this stop! We need to come together as a whole and end this once and for all, reading their articles really made me see the bigger picture and realize that animals are not placed here for us to experiment on or to torture. They are here the same reason we are here, to live, to live to give and receive, as much as people doubt it, fishes in the oceans eat up the bad things and theyre use to it because that is what they do. The more wildlife animals we kill the less we will have for our future generation to see, I do not want any children having to see what a tiger looks like through a picture just because we failed to keep them to continue to off-spring. Thousands of years ago, People would hunt and kill willy mammoths and now in this time 2017 we will only know what they look like through a picture because people for m back them killed them for their own use. I want animals to live and give us more animals to see, not to be killed or be studied on, enough animals suffer each day the last thing we need are these scientists taking our animals away from us. We need to make a change and actually think if this is fair for our animals. More people need to be influenced on this idea, if animals cant stand up for themselves, then why dont we take a stand for them!

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder :: Post-traumatic stress disorder, PTSD

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is a condition from which nearly 10% of Americans suffer. It, unlike other afflictions, is associated with a wide variety of circumstances. Many war veterans suffer from Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. However, a new group of people are quickly emerging as common suffers of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder-sexually abused children. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder is a prevalent problem associated with children who are victims of sexual assault.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Posttraumatic Stress Disorder is classified as an anxiety disorder under the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Disorders (DSM-III). The diagnoses for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder was not formally diagnosed as part of DSM-III until 1980. According to Famolaro, "the diagnoses of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder requires: (a) experience of a significant traumatic events; (b) re- experiencing of the trauma in one of several different thought, emotional, or behavioral forms; (d) persistent symptoms of increased arousal, Particularly when exposedto stimuli concretely or symbolically reminiscent of the trauma; (e) symptoms lasting at least one month. (Famolaro, Maternal and Child Posttraumatic... 28)".   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Children are now becoming realized as significant sufferers of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder is particularly bad for children under the age of 11, because they lack many of the skills needed to protect themselves. Furthermore, this vulnerability is enhanced when the child is exposed to any maltreatment. According to recent studies, "Posttraumatic Stress Disorder is a common sequella of severe or chronic maltreatment of children, particularly among sexually maltreated children ( Famularo, Symptom Differences... 28)". Posttraumatic Stress Disorder can be caused if the child is exposed to just one traumatic episode (rape, witnessing a violent crime, physical abuse); However, the child will become more susceptible to Posttraumatic Stress Disorder if the maltreatment continues. Moreover, a child is most likely to suffer from symptoms associated with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder when sexual assault is involved(28).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Because children have not yet developed cognitively emotionally and are very immature, they are likely candidates to develop symptoms related to Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. As a child matures he/she becomes better equipped to deal with and prevent contributing factors to the eventual suffering from Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Up to age two, young children can recreate stressful events and even imagine such events recurring; However, the mind is not developed enough to identify, anticipate, or prevent future traumatic occurrences. At age three, children cannot, "distance themselves, in time, appreciate roles and differences in behavior, access situation, or adopt nonegocentric causality (Saigh 189)". This flaw opens them up to the impact of trauma because the child cannot anticipate and protect themselves. By age four, children have the ability to protect themselves by avoiding traumatic encounters. They also have the ability to suppress their anxiety when it becomes difficult

Solution-Focused Therapy Essay

Solution–focused therapy (SFT), unlike other forms of therapy argues that a person doesn’t have to understand any problem in order to resolve the problem and that the solution isn’t necessarily related to the problem. The purpose of this paper is to give a brief overview, description and rationale of Solution-focused therapy as well as an explanation of the therapeutic processes involved in SFT. This paper will also demonstrate through case example; systemic case conceptualization/hypotheses, goals of treatment, as well as interventions used through the entire treatment plan process. Solution-focused therapy â€Å"focuses on people’s competence rather than their deficits, their strengths rather than their weaknesses, their possibilities rather than their limitations† (O’Hanlon, H., Weiner-Davis, M. (1989, p. 1.). Solution-focused therapy (SFT), also known as Solution-Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT) was developed in the 1980’s by Steve de Shazer, Insoo Kim Berg, along with their team, Patricia Hudson, Williams – Hanlon, Eve Lipchilk, Jane Peller, Scott Miller, John Walter, and Michelle Wiener-Davis from the Brief Family Therapy Family Center in Milwaukee, USA. This theory was based on over twenty years of empirical research, theoretical development, as well as clinical practice. Solution focused therapy (SFT) targets the desired therapeutic outcomes of therapy as a solution without focusing on the issues or behaviors that brought the client to therapy. This form of therapy is a competency based model which is different in many ways from the traditional theories or approaches (Berg, I.K., (1994). The therapist encourages the client to envision their ideal future; collaborating with the client to establish a group of steps needed to achieve the desired goal. By examining and analyzing the client’s vision, the therapist can determine what abilities, skills and resources the client can develop and use in order to achieve the envisioned outcome. de Shazer, S., (1985), suggests that the client is the expert; the development of a solution is not necessarily related to the problem; if something works, continue with it; if something doesn’t work, do something different; if it isn’t broken, don’t try to fix it. The therapeutic process for SFT is always the same regardless of the client’s concerns. SFT behavioral analyses are made of the exceptions instead of the problem. SFT uses the process of  operant conditioning: the discussion and implementation of the client’s desired behavior is recognized and complimented by the therapist (positive reinforcement), the conversation and actions of undesired behavior is stifled (frustrative non-reward) due to the therapist’s lack of recognition. SFT also uses the process-of classical conditioning: the therapist suggests a homework assignment the client such as, doing something different or to ‘pretend the miracle has happened’ (counter conditioning) (Bannink, F. P., (2007). Joining with the client means having a discussion about the client’s issue or presenting problems prior to the first scheduled session. It is important for the therapist to pay attention to any changes made previous to the first therapeutic session. Once that has taken place; the focus shifts to the here and now and focuses on how clients change instead of diagnosing and treating problems. Signature questions are used in SFT interview sessions and are meant to establish a therapeutic process where the therapist effectively listens to the client’s words; while the client expresses what is important to them, their wants, needs and related successes. The therapist then formulates and asks other questions by being cognoscente of the client’s use of key words and phrases. It is also important to continue the effective listening process as the clients continue to answer questions based on their frame of reference. Through this continual process of listening, connecting and absorbing, along with the client responding; the therapist and client together can construct new and adjusted meanings that work toward building positive solutions. Structured feedback from the therapist should look at the client’s strengths and establish the next steps towards the future, concluding the session. How change is brought about Solution Focused therapy focuses on promoting change in the direction of the client’s goals. When a client enters into a therapist’s care, the Solution Focused model follows a set of questions that will dictate where a client is starting from. Where a client is staring from is simply defined as where a client is willing to begin in the therapy process, which includes the amount of disclosure the client may be willing to exhibit. The therapist using this model may first ask the clients a question of what is the problem. This should then lead into what is the main cause of this problem. Next, the  client may be asked what maintains the problem. After these questions are answered or at least attempted by the client, the therapist should have an idea about the client’s patterns of behavior and thinking around the problem. Having this knowledge will give the therapist a starting point from which to work from (Walter & Peller, 1992). By understanding where the client is at right now, the therapist is able to construct solutions using the Solution Focused model. To construct solutions, there remain some assumptions, these may include; that there is a solution to the problem or that multiple solutions exist. That the solutions are constructible, the therapist and the client are able to construct the solutions and that the therapist and the client construct and or invent solutions rather than discover them. Finally, after solutions have been constructed, the therapist would want this process to be modeled in order for it to be implemented by the client. In short, step one; find out what the client wants. Step two, look for what is working and do more of that. Step three, do something different. Solution Focused therapy is the answer to the question of how do we construct solutions? It is a total model; it encompasses a way of thinking, a way of conversing with clients and a way of constructing solutions interactively. Solution Focused therapy is not a collaboration of techniques; rather it reflects fundamental notions about change, about interaction and about attaining goals. The focus in therapy is shifted from the past to present day, where we look for causes and map patterns of problem maintenance (Walter & Peller, 1992). Case Study Elise, an African American/Caucasian woman, and Lionel, an African American male and have been in a married for two years and both are 27 years of age. They reported having no children, but both desire to have children before they reach 30 years of age. They both wanted to seek counseling because they argue constantly and can’t seem to resolve the conflict in their relationship. Elise reports she withdraws whenever Lionel loses his temper. She states â€Å"he just explodes over the slightest thing and this behavior must change before we bring children into this world!† Elise also expressed that Lionel becomes verbally abusive and loud. Lionel has expressed having irrational behavior and acting out since he was a child. His parents never seemed to pay attention or worry about this behavior. Hypothesis Establishing effective communication skills will dissolve unresolved conflict. Early-Phase Goals 1. Develop and maintain a supportive relationship with Lionel and Elise. a.Allow Elise and Lionel to share in their own versions of the problem story, while effectively listening for the highlighting strengths, exceptions and resources. b.Maintain a beginner’s mind to assist in understanding each client’s perspective on Lionel’s outbursts and other couple issues, while exploring and remaining sensitive to the couple’s perspective. 2. Begin the process of identifying exceptions, possibilities, and possible solutions to Lionel’s outbursts/Elise’s withdrawal and the couple’s ability to resolve conflict. a.Discuss the communication issue as something that is solvable and in terms of solution. b.Identify Elise’s and Lionel’s strengths and resources and individuals and as a couple. Middle-Phase Goals 1. Increase number of respectful communication exchanges between Lionel and Elise that allow each to feel heard. a.Using scaling questions to identify small steps to be taken by Lionel and Elise between sessions that will move them closer to maintaining open, healthy by directing them to scale improvements in communication (one being no positive changes in communication and ten being the desired communication interaction). b.Monitor exceptions to Lionel’s outbursts/Elise’s withdrawal and times when the outbursts were not a problem. 2. Assist couple in learning to resolve conflict without angry, explosive episodes or withdrawal. a.Monitor exceptions when Lionel and Elise have been able to resolve conflict successfully and identify factors that led to the successful outcome. b.Scale changes in conflict-resolution skills. c.Compliment progress and solutions. Late-Phase Goals 1. Increase couple’s readiness for children and parenting. a.Allow Lionel and Elise to discuss readiness for children and parenting while effectively listening for strengths and resources. b.Scale the couple’s readiness to  parent and take steps to get on track. c.Compliment existing strengths and identify additional strengths and resources. 2. Highlight progress and attainment of goals and develop a plan for anticipated challenges, identifying Lionel and Elise’s strengths, resources, and solutions. a.Identify what changes have worked and the best strategies for staying on track. b.Focus on future-oriented talk and highlight use of solutions in the future. c.Compliment on progress, change, and achievement in communication and conflict-resolution skills and Lionel’s diminished verbal outbursts. Therapist’s Thoughts Although this therapist therapy of choice is Multigenerational Family Therapy; Solution-focused has its attributes, such as the Miracle Question. The genius behind this question is that it forces you to stop thinking about why you can’t achieve something and allows you to imagine how your life could be if something miraculous occurred. Solution-Focused therapy empowers the client with the ability to find resolution to their own issues and problems. This therapist feels that Solution-focused therapy is an appropriate addition to the Family Systems concepts. References Bannink, F. P. (2007). Solution-Focused Brief Therapy: Journal Of Contemporary Psychotherapy, (2), 87. Berg, I.K. (1994). Family Based Services: A Solution-Focused Approach. New York: Norton & Co. de Shazer, S. (1985). Keys to solution in brief therapy. New York: Norton. O’Hanlon H., Weiner-Davis, M. (1989). In Search of Solutions: A New Direction in Psychotherapy. New York: Norton. Walter, J. L., Peller, J. E. (1992). Becoming solution-focused in brief therapy. New York: Brunner/Mazel.

The Post War World War II - 1216 Words

The post-war world was one of complete ruin. More than 40 million Europeans died and at least 25 million of them were civilians that had been killed in bomb raids, concentration camps, and during famine or starvation. Cities, towns, and villages on the home fronts were destroyed and nothing remained of many homes. Because of all of the distress, thousands of people all turned to their governments for assistance. Unfortunately for almost everyone in Europe and Japan, their governments had all failed. Thus, a lot of their problems were rightfully blamed on their governments. After all, Hitler and Mussolini had both run their countries and fascist parties into the ground. Due to the fact that no one could find solutions in their own country’s†¦show more content†¦Everything would be the same under communist rule. This is what all of the Europeans believed communists would do for them. All they wanted was order and happiness so that things would get better for them. Addit ionally, they didn’t have much success with any other types of government in the past. After all, the USSR had been standing for thirty to forty years by this time. The last reason that I believe Europeans favored communism was because they simply offered change. It was a very enticing offer, but in the end, it wasn’t enough. To summarize, I think Europeans favored communism because it would have provided them with necessities that they were lacking, it gave them a sense of order and structure, and it offered them change. Section 5: Question 7: After the war, the Allies wanted to make sure that any and all war crimes were avenged. It was now that the Nuremberg Trials began. This was where the leaders of both the Nazis and the Japanese were sentenced based on the degree of their offense or crime. As a whole, I think that it was right for the Allies to try only the Nazi and Japanese leaders. If we had tried those who were supporting them, although they are equally guilty, it would have been quite difficult. After all, if it weren’t for the leaders it probably never would have happened. The first reason to justify only trying the leaders is that